diff --git a/db.go b/db.go
index 4362692..f042110 100644
--- a/db.go
+++ b/db.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 // Default DB settings.
 const (
 	DefaultMonitorInterval    = 1 * time.Second
-	DefaultCheckpointInterval = 5 * time.Second // 1 * time.Minute
+	DefaultCheckpointInterval = 1 * time.Minute
 	DefaultMinCheckpointPageN = 1000
 )
 
@@ -108,10 +108,15 @@ func (db *DB) GenerationPath(generation string) string {
 	return filepath.Join(db.MetaPath(), "generations", generation)
 }
 
+// ShadowWALDir returns the path of the shadow wal directory.
+func (db *DB) ShadowWALDir(generation string) string {
+	return filepath.Join(db.GenerationPath(generation), "wal")
+}
+
 // ShadowWALPath returns the path of a single shadow WAL file.
 func (db *DB) ShadowWALPath(generation string, index int) string {
 	assert(index >= 0, "shadow wal index cannot be negative")
-	return filepath.Join(db.GenerationPath(generation), "wal", fmt.Sprintf("%016x", index)+WALExt)
+	return filepath.Join(db.ShadowWALDir(generation), FormatWALPath(index))
 }
 
 // CurrentShadowWALPath returns the path to the last shadow WAL in a generation.
@@ -147,6 +152,30 @@ func (db *DB) CurrentShadowWALIndex(generation string) (int, error) {
 	return index, nil
 }
 
+// Pos returns the current position of the database.
+func (db *DB) Pos() (Pos, error) {
+	generation, err := db.CurrentGeneration()
+	if err != nil {
+		return Pos{}, err
+	} else if generation == "" {
+		return Pos{}, nil
+	}
+
+	index, err := db.CurrentShadowWALIndex(generation)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Pos{}, err
+	}
+
+	fi, err := os.Stat(db.ShadowWALPath(generation, index))
+	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return Pos{Generation: generation, Index: index}, nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return Pos{}, err
+	}
+
+	return Pos{Generation: generation, Index: index, Offset: fi.Size()}, nil
+}
+
 // Notify returns a channel that closes when the shadow WAL changes.
 func (db *DB) Notify() <-chan struct{} {
 	db.mu.RLock()
@@ -292,8 +321,16 @@ func (db *DB) Init() (err error) {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// clean removes old generations.
+// clean removes old generations & WAL files.
 func (db *DB) clean() error {
+	if err := db.cleanGenerations(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return db.cleanWAL()
+}
+
+// cleanGenerations removes old generations.
+func (db *DB) cleanGenerations() error {
 	generation, err := db.CurrentGeneration()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -320,6 +357,50 @@ func (db *DB) clean() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// cleanWAL removes WAL files that have been replicated.
+func (db *DB) cleanWAL() error {
+	generation, err := db.CurrentGeneration()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Determine lowest index that's been replicated to all replicas.
+	min := -1
+	for _, r := range db.Replicas {
+		pos := r.Pos()
+		if pos.Generation != generation {
+			pos = Pos{} // different generation, reset index to zero
+		}
+		if min == -1 || pos.Index < min {
+			min = pos.Index
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Skip if our lowest index is too small.
+	if min <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	min-- // Keep an extra WAL file.
+
+	// Remove all WAL files for the generation before the lowest index.
+	dir := db.ShadowWALDir(generation)
+	fis, err := ioutil.ReadDir(dir)
+	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, fi := range fis {
+		if idx, _, _, err := ParseWALPath(fi.Name()); err != nil || idx >= min {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := os.Remove(filepath.Join(dir, fi.Name())); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // SoftClose closes everything but the underlying db connection. This method
 // is available because the binary needs to avoid closing the database on exit
 // to prevent autocheckpointing.
@@ -528,6 +609,11 @@ func (db *DB) Sync() (err error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Clean up any old files.
+	if err := db.clean(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot clean: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	// Notify replicas of WAL changes.
 	if changed {
 		close(db.notify)
diff --git a/replicator.go b/replicator.go
index acce54c..99a2174 100644
--- a/replicator.go
+++ b/replicator.go
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ type Replica interface {
 	// snapshot & WAL files as well as the time range covered.
 	GenerationStats(ctx context.Context, generation string) (GenerationStats, error)
 
+	// Returns the last replication position.
+	Pos() Pos
+
 	// Returns the highest index for a snapshot within a generation that occurs
 	// before timestamp. If timestamp is zero, returns the latest snapshot.
 	SnapshotIndexAt(ctx context.Context, generation string, timestamp time.Time) (int, error)
@@ -70,9 +73,10 @@ type FileReplica struct {
 	name string // replica name, optional
 	dst  string // destination path
 
-	// mu sync.RWMutex
-	wg sync.WaitGroup
+	mu  sync.RWMutex
+	pos Pos // last position
 
+	wg     sync.WaitGroup
 	ctx    context.Context
 	cancel func()
 }
@@ -100,6 +104,13 @@ func (r *FileReplica) Type() string {
 	return "file"
 }
 
+// Pos returns the last successfully replicated position.
+func (r *FileReplica) Pos() Pos {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	defer r.mu.RUnlock()
+	return r.pos
+}
+
 // SnapshotDir returns the path to a generation's snapshot directory.
 func (r *FileReplica) SnapshotDir(generation string) string {
 	return filepath.Join(r.dst, "generations", generation, "snapshots")
@@ -110,6 +121,27 @@ func (r *FileReplica) SnapshotPath(generation string, index int) string {
 	return filepath.Join(r.SnapshotDir(generation), fmt.Sprintf("%016x.snapshot.gz", index))
 }
 
+// MaxSnapshotIndex returns the highest index for the snapshots.
+func (r *FileReplica) MaxSnapshotIndex(generation string) (int, error) {
+	fis, err := ioutil.ReadDir(r.SnapshotDir(generation))
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	index := -1
+	for _, fi := range fis {
+		if idx, _, _, err := ParseSnapshotPath(fi.Name()); err != nil {
+			continue
+		} else if index == -1 || idx > index {
+			index = idx
+		}
+	}
+	if index == -1 {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("no snapshots found")
+	}
+	return index, nil
+}
+
 // WALDir returns the path to a generation's WAL directory
 func (r *FileReplica) WALDir(generation string) string {
 	return filepath.Join(r.dst, "generations", generation, "wal")
@@ -300,8 +332,6 @@ func (r *FileReplica) monitor(ctx context.Context) {
 	close(ch)
 	var notify <-chan struct{} = ch
 
-	var pos Pos
-	var err error
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -312,67 +342,38 @@ func (r *FileReplica) monitor(ctx context.Context) {
 		// Fetch new notify channel before replicating data.
 		notify = r.db.Notify()
 
-		// Determine position, if necessary.
-		if pos.IsZero() {
-			if pos, err = r.pos(); err != nil {
-				log.Printf("%s(%s): cannot determine position: %s", r.db.Path(), r.Name(), err)
-				continue
-			} else if pos.IsZero() {
-				log.Printf("%s(%s): no generation, waiting for data", r.db.Path(), r.Name())
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
-		// If we have no replicated WALs, start from last index in shadow WAL.
-		if pos.Index == 0 && pos.Offset == 0 {
-			if pos.Index, err = r.db.CurrentShadowWALIndex(pos.Generation); err != nil {
-				log.Printf("%s(%s): cannot determine latest shadow wal index: %s", r.db.Path(), r.Name(), err)
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
 		// Synchronize the shadow wal into the replication directory.
-		if pos, err = r.sync(ctx, pos); err != nil {
+		if err := r.Sync(ctx); err != nil {
 			log.Printf("%s(%s): sync error: %s", r.db.Path(), r.Name(), err)
 			continue
 		}
-
-		// Gzip any old WAL files.
-		if pos.Generation != "" {
-			if err := r.compress(ctx, pos.Generation); err != nil {
-				log.Printf("%s(%s): compress error: %s", r.db.Path(), r.Name(), err)
-				continue
-			}
-		}
 	}
 }
 
-// pos returns the position for the replica for the current generation.
+// calcPos returns the position for the replica for the current generation.
 // Returns a zero value if there is no active generation.
-func (r *FileReplica) pos() (pos Pos, err error) {
-	// Find the current generation from the DB. Return zero pos if no generation.
-	generation, err := r.db.CurrentGeneration()
-	if err != nil {
-		return pos, err
-	} else if generation == "" {
-		return pos, nil // empty position
-	}
+func (r *FileReplica) calcPos(generation string) (pos Pos, err error) {
 	pos.Generation = generation
 
+	// Find maximum snapshot index.
+	if pos.Index, err = r.MaxSnapshotIndex(generation); err != nil {
+		return Pos{}, err
+	}
+
 	// Find highest WAL subdirectory group.
 	subdir, err := r.MaxWALSubdirName(generation)
 	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return pos, nil // no replicated wal, start at beginning of generation
+		return pos, nil // no replicated wal, start at snapshot index
 	} else if err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return Pos{}, err
 	}
 
-	// Find the max WAL file.
+	// Find the max WAL file within WAL group.
 	fis, err := ioutil.ReadDir(filepath.Join(r.WALDir(generation), subdir))
 	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return pos, nil // no replicated wal, start at beginning of generation
+		return pos, nil // no replicated wal, start at snapshot index.
 	} else if err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return Pos{}, err
 	}
 
 	index := -1
@@ -384,14 +385,14 @@ func (r *FileReplica) pos() (pos Pos, err error) {
 		}
 	}
 	if index == -1 {
-		return pos, nil // wal directory exists but no wal files, return beginning pos
+		return pos, nil // wal directory exists but no wal files, return snapshot position
 	}
 	pos.Index = index
 
 	// Determine current offset.
 	fi, err := os.Stat(r.WALPath(pos.Generation, pos.Index))
 	if err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return Pos{}, err
 	}
 	pos.Offset = fi.Size()
 
@@ -441,61 +442,95 @@ func (r *FileReplica) snapshotN(generation string) (int, error) {
 	return n, nil
 }
 
-func (r *FileReplica) sync(ctx context.Context, pos Pos) (_ Pos, err error) {
+func (r *FileReplica) Sync(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
+	// Find current position of database.
+	dpos, err := r.db.Pos()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot determine current generation: %w", err)
+	} else if dpos.IsZero() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no generation, waiting for data")
+	}
+	generation := dpos.Generation
+
+	// Create snapshot if no snapshots exist for generation.
+	if n, err := r.snapshotN(generation); err != nil {
+		return err
+	} else if n == 0 {
+		if err := r.snapshot(ctx, generation, dpos.Index); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Determine position, if necessary.
+	if r.Pos().IsZero() {
+		pos, err := r.calcPos(generation)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot determine replica position: %s", r.db.Path(), r.Name(), err)
+		}
+
+		r.mu.Lock()
+		r.pos = pos
+		r.mu.Unlock()
+	}
+
 	// Read all WAL files since the last position.
 	for {
-		if pos, err = r.syncNext(ctx, pos); err == io.EOF {
-			return pos, nil
+		if err = r.syncWAL(ctx); err == io.EOF {
+			break
 		} else if err != nil {
-			return pos, err
+			return err
 		}
 	}
+
+	// Gzip any old WAL files.
+	if generation != "" {
+		if err := r.compress(ctx, generation); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot compress: %s", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
 
-func (r *FileReplica) syncNext(ctx context.Context, pos Pos) (_ Pos, err error) {
-	rd, err := r.db.ShadowWALReader(pos)
+func (r *FileReplica) syncWAL(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
+	rd, err := r.db.ShadowWALReader(r.Pos())
 	if err == io.EOF {
-		return pos, err
+		return err
 	} else if err != nil {
-		return pos, fmt.Errorf("wal reader: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("wal reader: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer rd.Close()
 
-	// Create snapshot if no snapshots exist.
-	if n, err := r.snapshotN(rd.Pos().Generation); err != nil {
-		return pos, err
-	} else if n == 0 {
-		if err := r.snapshot(ctx, rd.Pos().Generation, rd.Pos().Index); err != nil {
-			return pos, err
-		}
-	}
-
 	// Ensure parent directory exists for WAL file.
 	filename := r.WALPath(rd.Pos().Generation, rd.Pos().Index)
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(filename), 0700); err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return err
 	}
 
 	// Create a temporary file to write into so we don't have partial writes.
 	w, err := os.OpenFile(filename, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0600)
 	if err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return err
 	}
 	defer w.Close()
 
 	// Seek, copy & sync WAL contents.
 	if _, err := w.Seek(rd.Pos().Offset, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return err
 	} else if _, err := io.Copy(w, rd); err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return err
 	} else if err := w.Sync(); err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return err
 	} else if err := w.Close(); err != nil {
-		return pos, err
+		return err
 	}
 
-	// Return ending position of the reader.
-	return rd.Pos(), nil
+	// Save last replicated position.
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	r.pos = rd.Pos()
+	r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 // compress gzips all WAL files before the current one.