Use safe checkpointing before snapshots (#522)

replica.go

@@ -482,16 +482,16 @@ func (r *Replica) Snapshot(ctx context.Context) (info SnapshotInfo, err error) {
 	r.muf.Lock()
 	defer r.muf.Unlock()
 
-	// Prevent checkpoints during snapshot.
-	r.db.BeginSnapshot()
-	defer r.db.EndSnapshot()
-
 	// Issue a passive checkpoint to flush any pages to disk before snapshotting.
-	if _, err := r.db.db.ExecContext(ctx, `PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(PASSIVE);`); err != nil {
+	if err := r.db.Checkpoint(ctx, CheckpointModePassive); err != nil {
 		return info, fmt.Errorf("pre-snapshot checkpoint: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Acquire a read lock on the database during snapshot to prevent checkpoints.
+	// Prevent internal checkpoints during snapshot.
+	r.db.BeginSnapshot()
+	defer r.db.EndSnapshot()
+
+	// Acquire a read lock on the database during snapshot to prevent external checkpoints.
 	tx, err := r.db.db.Begin()
 	if err != nil {
 		return info, err

replica_test.go

@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4"
 )
 
+func nextIndex(pos litestream.Pos) litestream.Pos {
+	return litestream.Pos{
+		Generation: pos.Generation,
+		Index:      pos.Index + 1,
+	}
+}
+
 func TestReplica_Name(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("WithName", func(t *testing.T) {
 		if got, want := litestream.NewReplica(nil, "NAME").Name(), "NAME"; got != want {
@@ -32,11 +39,6 @@ func TestReplica_Sync(t *testing.T) {
 	db, sqldb := MustOpenDBs(t)
 	defer MustCloseDBs(t, db, sqldb)
 
-	// Execute a query to force a write to the WAL.
-	if _, err := sqldb.Exec(`CREATE TABLE foo (bar TEXT);`); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
 	// Issue initial database sync to setup generation.
 	if err := db.Sync(context.Background()); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -66,10 +68,47 @@ func TestReplica_Sync(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("generations[0]=%v, want %v", got, want)
 	}
 
+	// Verify we synced checkpoint page to WAL.
+	if r, err := c.WALSegmentReader(context.Background(), nextIndex(dpos)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else if b, err := io.ReadAll(lz4.NewReader(r)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else if len(b) == db.PageSize() {
+		t.Fatalf("wal mismatch: len(%d), len(%d)", len(b), db.PageSize())
+	}
+
+	// Reset WAL so the next write will only write out the segment we are checking.
+	if err := db.Checkpoint(context.Background(), litestream.CheckpointModeTruncate); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Execute a query to write something into the truncated WAL.
+	if _, err := sqldb.Exec(`CREATE TABLE foo (bar TEXT);`); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Sync database to catch up the shadow WAL.
+	if err := db.Sync(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Save position after sync, it should be after our write.
+	dpos, err = db.Pos()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Sync WAL segment out to replica.
+	if err := r.Sync(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	// Verify WAL matches replica WAL.
 	if b0, err := os.ReadFile(db.Path() + "-wal"); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
-	} else if r, err := c.WALSegmentReader(context.Background(), litestream.Pos{Generation: generations[0], Index: 0, Offset: 0}); err != nil {
+	} else if r, err := c.WALSegmentReader(context.Background(), dpos.Truncate()); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	} else if b1, err := io.ReadAll(lz4.NewReader(r)); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -103,7 +142,7 @@ func TestReplica_Snapshot(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	} else if info, err := r.Snapshot(context.Background()); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
-	} else if got, want := info.Pos(), pos0.Truncate(); got != want {
+	} else if got, want := info.Pos(), nextIndex(pos0); got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("pos=%s, want %s", got, want)
 	}
 
@@ -127,18 +166,20 @@ func TestReplica_Snapshot(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	} else if info, err := r.Snapshot(context.Background()); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
-	} else if got, want := info.Pos(), pos1.Truncate(); got != want {
+	} else if got, want := info.Pos(), nextIndex(pos1); got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("pos=%v, want %v", got, want)
 	}
 
-	// Verify two snapshots exist.
+	// Verify three snapshots exist.
 	if infos, err := r.Snapshots(context.Background()); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
-	} else if got, want := len(infos), 2; got != want {
+	} else if got, want := len(infos), 3; got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("len=%v, want %v", got, want)
 	} else if got, want := infos[0].Pos(), pos0.Truncate(); got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("info[0]=%s, want %s", got, want)
-	} else if got, want := infos[1].Pos(), pos1.Truncate(); got != want {
+	} else if got, want := infos[1].Pos(), nextIndex(pos0); got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("info[1]=%s, want %s", got, want)
+	} else if got, want := infos[2].Pos(), nextIndex(pos1); got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("info[2]=%s, want %s", got, want)
 	}
 }